Math Formulas – Complete Guide to All Important Math Formulas

Math formulas are the foundation of mathematics and are used to solve problems in arithmetic, algebra, and geometry. This guide includes basic math formulas, algebra formulas, geometry formulas, the percentage formula, and the average formula with simple examples.

You can use these formulas with our free Math Calculators to get instant results online.

Basic Math Formulas

  • Addition: a + b
  • Subtraction: a − b
  • Multiplication: a × b
  • Division: a ÷ b

Percentage Formula

Percentage = (Value ÷ Total) × 100

Example: What is 25% of 200? → (25 ÷ 100) × 200 = 50

Average Formula

Average = (Sum of values) ÷ (Number of values)

Example: Average of 4, 8, and 12 = (4 + 8 + 12) ÷ 3 = 8

Algebra Formulas

  • (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
  • (a − b)² = a² − 2ab + b²
  • a² − b² = (a − b)(a + b)

Linear Equation

ax + b = 0 → x = −b ÷ a

Geometry Formulas

Area

  • Square: side²
  • Rectangle: length × width
  • Triangle: ½ × base × height
  • Circle: π × r²

Perimeter

  • Square: 4 × side
  • Rectangle: 2(length + width)
  • Circle: 2πr

Why Math Formulas Matter

Math formulas make problem solving faster and more accurate in school, business, engineering, and everyday life. Use our calculators to save time and avoid mistakes.